Tarihin ci gaban fitilun hanya na hasken rana da aka raba

Fitilun titi na hasken rana iri-irisu ne nau'in hasken rana na farko, tare da babban fasalin bangarorin hasken rana, batura, kawunan fitilu, da masu sarrafawa waɗanda ba sa rabuwa da juna kuma suna da alaƙa da kebul. Tare da maimaita fasahar hasken rana, ajiyar makamashi da hanyoyin samar da haske, za a iya raba ci gaban su zuwa matakai 4.

1. Lokacin binciken tsiron (1990s zuwa 2005)

Fitilar hasken rana da aka raba a kan titi ita ce mafita ta farko da aka fara aiwatarwa, wacce da farko aka yi niyyar magance matsalar haske a wurare masu nisa ba tare da wutar lantarki ba. Tsarin farko na asali shine allon photovoltaic na silicon polycrystalline, batirin lead-acid da fitilun da ke rage ƙarfin lantarki, tare da ingancin canza hasken photovoltaic na kashi 10%-13% kawai. Batirin suna da girma kuma dole ne a sanya su a ƙarƙashin ƙasa don haka ana sata da tsatsa kuma suna ɗaukar awanni 3-4 kawai. Rukunin farko na ayyukan gwaji a China an mayar da hankali ne a yankunan yamma ba tare da wutar lantarki ba, kamar Xizang da Qinghai. Kimanin shekara ta 2000, fitowar wutar lantarki ta ƙasar ta kai dubban ɗari kawai, galibi don ayyukan nuna ƙarfi, ba tare da amfani da manyan kamfanoni na kasuwanci ba.

2. Lokacin kasuwanci na farko (2006-2012)

An ƙara yawan amfani da fitilun hasken rana a wuraren wasannin Olympics na Beijing na 2008. Babban aikin da aka yi na amfani da fitilun hasken rana a wurare daban-daban a gasar Olympics ta Beijing ta 2008 ya zama wani muhimmin ci gaba a masana'antar. A wannan matakin, tushen hasken LED yana maye gurbin fitilun da ke adana makamashi a hankali kuma ingancin hasken ya inganta zuwa fiye da lumens 100/watt. Mai sarrafa yana haɗa ayyukan sarrafa haske da sarrafa lokaci, yana inganta daidaito. An inganta ingancin allunan photovoltaic sama da kashi 16% kuma tsawon rayuwar tsarin ya inganta sama da shekaru 5. An faɗaɗa yanayin aikace-aikacen daga yankuna masu nisa zuwa sabbin yankunan karkara, wuraren shakatawa da wuraren shakatawa. Tun daga shekarar 2010, samar da fitilun da China ke yi a kowace shekara ya kai miliyoyin fitilu, kuma kasuwar fitarwa ta buɗe a hankali.

3. Lokacin haɓaka fasaha (2013-2018)

Babban ci gaba ya ta'allaka ne a cikin ajiyar makamashi da hankali: ana maye gurbin batirin gubar-acid a hankali da batirin lithium iron phosphate, yana rage yawan su da kashi 70%, yana tsawaita tsawon rayuwarsu zuwa shekaru 3-5, da kuma inganta sauƙin daidaitawar su a yanayin zafi mai ƙarancin zafi (aiki a -20 ℃). Masu sarrafa MPPT sun zama sananne kuma suna iya ƙara ingancin caji da kashi 30%. Zai iya ɗaukar tsawon kwanaki 5-7 a cikin ruwan sama. Tsarin raba fitilun hanya na hasken rana mai raba yana da sassauƙa kuma ana iya haɗa shi da allunan wutar lantarki masu ƙarfi da batura idan an buƙata, wanda ya dace da yanayi mai ƙarfi kamar manyan tituna da tashoshin jiragen ruwa na birni. Bayan 2015, masana'antar ta shiga cikin wani matakin ci gaba cikin sauri, kuma ta zama babban samfurin hasken wutar lantarki na karkara.

4. Lokacin zama tare na bambancin ra'ayi (2019 yanzu)

Fitilun titi masu haɗaka suna samun karɓuwa amma hasken rana mai raba hanya yana mamaye kasuwa mai ƙarfi da dogon zango. Fasaha ta jaddada ingantaccen hasken rana, fasahar IoT mai wayo da adana makamashi na tsawon rai: ingancin hasken rana mai monocrystalline silicon ya fi kashi 22%, kuma tsawon lokacin zagayowar batirin ya fi sau 2000; an ƙara sa ido daga nesa, jin daɗin jikin ɗan adam, rage girman AI da sauran ayyuka. A halin yanzu, rabuwa da haɗin kai suna da alaƙa. Fitilun titi masu raba rana sun dace da yanayin aiki mai rikitarwa da buƙatun wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi, yayin da haɗin kai ya dace da ƙarancin yanayi da sauƙin shigarwa. Fitilun titi masu raba rana har yanzu sune babban nau'in hasken waje har zuwa yanzu, tare da fasaha mai girma da ingantaccen farashi mai yawa, suna tallafawa haɓaka hasken kore na birane da karkara a duniya.

Masu kera TIANXIANGraba hasken rana a kan tititare da ingantattun na'urori masu amfani da hasken rana da batirin adana makamashi. Suna da ruwa mai hana ruwa shiga, suna jure yanayi, suna da sassauƙa don shigarwa kuma suna da tsawon rai. Za mu iya ɗaukar buƙatun wutar lantarki da haske daban-daban, kuma za mu iya yin odar injiniyanci da jimillar fitilun titi masu raba-raba iri-iri. Muna ba da ayyukan samar da wutar lantarki na tsayawa ɗaya kuma muna jiran haɗin gwiwarku.